M. Lee (In press) "Counterfactuals and Metaphor." In A. Burkhardt and B. Nerlich (eds) Reflections on Tropical Truth: Studies on the Epistemology of Metaphor. Mouton de Gruyter.

F. Simancik and M. Lee (2009) "A CCG-based System for Valence Shifting for Sentiment Analysis." "A CCG-based System for Valence Shifting for Sentiment Analysis." A. Gelbukh (Ed.) Advances in Computational Linguistics, Research in Computing Science vol 41. Also published in the Proceedings of CICLING 2009, Mexico City.

R. Agerri, J. Barnden, M. Lee and A. Wallington (2008). "Textual Entailment as an Evaluation Framework for Metaphor Resolution: A Proposal." In the Proceedings of the Symposium on Semantics in Text Processing (STEP 2008), Venice, Italy, pp. 22-24.

D. Brooks and M. Lee (2008). "Improving Word-Based Predictive Text Entry with Transformation-Based Learning" A. Gelbukh (Ed.) Advances in Natural Language Processing and Applications Research in Computing Science 33, 2008, pp. 237-248. Also Proceedings of CICLING-2008, Haifa, Isreal.

A. Wallington, R. Agerri, J. Barnden, M. Lee and T. Rumbell (2008). "Affect Transfer by Metaphor for an Intelligent Conversational Agent".In the Proceedings of the LREC 2008 Workshop on Sentiment Analysis: Emotion, Metaphor, Ontology and Terminology (EMOT 08), Marrakech, Morocco pp. 102-108.

R. Agerri, J. Barnden, M. Lee and A. Wallington (2007). "Metaphor, Inference and Domain Independent Mappings." In the Proceedings of the Research Advances in Natural Language Processing Conference (RANLP-07), Borovets, Bulgaria, pp. 27-29.

R. Agerri, J. Barnden, M. Lee and A. Wallington (2007). "Invariant Mappings and Contexts in a Computational Approach to Metaphor Interpretation." In the Proceedings of the IJCAI-2007 Workshop on Modelling and Representation in Computational Semantics (MRCS-07), Hyberabad, India pp. 57-61.

R. Agerri, J.A. Barnden, M.G. Lee and A.M. Wallington (2007). Metaphor, Inference and Domain Independent Mappings. To be published in the Proceedings of the Research Advances in Natural Language Processing Conference (RANLP-07), Borovets, Bulgaria, 27-29 September 2007

R. Agerri, J.A. Barnden, M.G. Lee and A.M. Wallington (2007). Default Inferences in Metaphor Interpretation. In B. Kokinov et al. (eds.): CONTEXT 2007, Lecture Notes on Artificial Intelligence Series (LNAI) 4635, Springer-Verlag, Heidelberg, pp. 1-14, 2007

R. Agerri, J.A. Barnden, M.G. Lee, A.M. Wallington (2007). On the formalization of Invariant Mappings for Metaphor Interpretation. In the Companion Proceedings of the Association of Computational Linguistics Conference (ACL-07), Prague, June 2007.

R. Agerri, J.A. Barnden, M.G. Lee and A.M. Wallington (2007). Invariant Mappings and Contexts in a Computational Approach to Metaphor Interpretation. In Proceedings of the IJCAI-2007 Workshop on Modelling and Representation in Computational Semantics (MRCS-07), Hyberabad, India, 6-8 January 2007

R. Agerri, J.A. Barnden, M.G. Lee and A.M. Wallington (2007). View Neutral Mapping Adjuncts as Default Rules for Metaphor Interpretation. In Jeroen Gertzen, Elias Thijsse, Harry Bunt and Amanda Schiffrin (eds.), Proceedings of the Seventh International Workshop on Computational Semantics (IWCS-7), pp 283-286, Tilburg University, Department of Communication and Information Sciences, Tilburg, Netherlands, 10-12 January 2007.

Smith, C.J., Rumbell, T., Barnden, J.A., Lee, M.G., Glasbey, S.R. & Wallington, A.M. (to appear) "Affect and metaphor in an ICA: Further developments." To appear in Procs. 7th International Conference on Intelligent Virtual Agents. Paris, 17-19 September 2007.

Smith, C.J., Rumbell, T., Barnden, J.A., Hendley, R.J., Lee, M.G., Wallington, A.M. & Zhang. L. (2007) "Don't worry about metaphor: affect detection for conversational agents." forthcoming in Procs. Forty-Fifth Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics, Companion Volume: Book II (Interactive Poster and Demonstration Sessions), pp.33-36

Zhang, L., Gillies, M., Barnden, J.A., Hendley, R.J., Lee, M.G. & Wallington, A.M. (in press) "Affect detection and an automated improvisational AI actor in e-drama." In Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence, 4451, Special Issue on AI in Human Computing. Springer.

L. Zhang, M. Gillies, J. Barnden, R. Hendley, M. Lee, and A. Wallington (2007) "Affect detection and an automated improvisational AI actor in e-drama." In Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence, 4451, Springer-Verlag, Heidelberg, pp. 339-358.

A.M. Wallington, R. Agerri, J.A. Barnden, S.R. Glasbey and M.G. Lee (2006). Considerations on the nature of metaphorical meaning arising from a computational treatment of metaphor interpretation. In proceedings of the International Workshop on Inference in Computational Semantics (ICoS-5), Buxton, England, 20-21 April, 2006

MG Lee. 2006. On Counterfactual Metaphors and Paradox (In The Baltic International Yearbook of Cognition, Logic and Communication, 1, J Skilters (Editor), University of Latvia Press, 95-109, ISBN: 9984783979

A Wallington, JA Barnden, S Glasbey, MG Lee. 2006. Metaphorical reasoning with an economical set of mappings, Documentacao de Estudos em Linguistica Teorica e Aplicada, Special Issue, 22, 147-171.

A Wallington, JA Barnden, S Glasbey, MG Lee. 2005. Metaphorical reasoning with an economical set of mappings, Delta (LAEL, Brazil), 22, Especial, 147-161.

JA Barnden, S Glasbey, MG Lee, A Wallington. 2004. Varieties and directions of inter-domain influence in metaphor, Metaphor and Symbol, 19, 1, 1-30.

Barnden, J.A., Glasbey, S.R., Lee, M.G. & Wallington, A.M. (2003) "Domain-transcending mappings in a system for metaphorical reasoning." Conference Companion to the 10th Conference of the European Chapter of the Association for Computational Linguistics}(EACL 2003), pp.57-61. Association for Computational Linguistics.

E Hale, MG Lee, GD Kitas, AG Witney. 2003. Computational Linguistics to Access Developing Coping Mechanisms in People with Arthritis, Rheumatology, 42. Publication: 20624.

JA Barnden, MG Lee. 2002. An artificial intelligence approach to metaphor understanding, Theoria et Historia Scientiarum - Special Issue "Metaphor: a Multidisciplinary Approach (ISBN: 832114188), 6, 1, 399-412.

Barnden, J.A., Glasbey, S.R., Lee, M.G. & Wallington, A.M. (2002): "Reasoning in metaphor understanding: The ATT-Meta approach and system." Procs. 19th International Conference on Computational Linguistics(COLING 2002), pp.1188-1193. San Francisco: Morgan Kaufman.

MG Lee, JA Barnden. 2001. Reasoning about Mixed Metaphors within an Implemented Artificial Intelligence System, Metaphor and Symbol, 16, 1 & 2, 29-42.

Mark Lee & John Barnden "A Computational Approach to Conceptual Blending within Counterfactuals" (2001) Cognitive Science Research Papers (CSRP-01-10) School of Computer Science, University of Birmingham.

John Barnden & Mark Lee "Application of the ATT-Meta Metaphor Understanding System to an Example of the Metaphorical View of MIND PARTS AS PERSONS" (2001) Cognitive Science Research Papers (CSRP-01-9) School of Computer Science, University of Birmingham.

Mark Lee & John Barnden "Blending, Analogy, and Counterfactuals" (2001)
SEMPRO-01 Cognitively Plausible Models of Semantic Processing. Edinburgh.

John Barnden & Mark Lee "Understanding Open-Ended Usages of Familiar Conceptual Metaphors: An Approach and Artificial Intelligence System" (2001) Cognitive Science Research Papers (CSRP-01-5) School of Computer Science, University of Birmingham.

Mark Lee & John Barnden "Mental Metaphors from the Master Metaphor List: Empirical examples and the Application of the ATT-Meta System" (2001) Cognitive Science Research Papers (CSRP-01-3) School of Computer Science, University of Birmingham.

Mark Lee & John Barnden "Reasoning About Mixed Metaphors Within an Implemented Artificial Intelligence System" (2001) Metaphor and Symbol 16(1&2), pp. 29-42. Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Inc.

Mark Lee & John Barnden "Metaphor, Pretence and Counterfactuals" (2000)
Procs. Conceptual Structure, Discourse, and Language" (CSDL 2000), Santa Barbara

Mark Lee The Ethics of Deception: why AI must study selfish behaviour(2000)
Procs. AISB'00 Symposium on AI, Ethics and (Quasi-)Human rights

John Barnden & Mark Lee An implemented context system that combines belief reasoning, metaphor-based reasoning and uncertainty handling.(1999)
Procs. Second International and Interdisciplinary Conference on Modeling and Using Context (Context'99), Trento.

Mark Lee Implicit goals in indirect replies (1999)
Proceedings of the ESCA Tutorial and Research workshop on Interactive Dialogue in Multi-Modal Systems. Kloster Irsee, Germany. (forthcoming)

Mark Lee & John Barnden Mixing Metaphors (1999)
Proceedings of the AISB-99 workshop on Metaphor, Artificial Intelligence
& Cognition, Edinburgh

Mark Lee Rationality, Cooperation and Conversational Implicature(1997)
Proceedings of the Ninth Irish Conference on Artificial Intelligence, Derry.

Mark Lee & Yorick Wilks Eliminating deceptions and mistaken belief to infer conversational implicature (1997)
IJCAI-97 workshop on Conflict, Cooperation and Collaboration in Dialogue Systems

Mark Lee Belief ascription in mixed initiative dialogue (1997)
Proc of AAAI Spring Symposium on Mixed Initiative Interaction

Mark Lee & Yorick Wilks Computation of speech acts on demand (1996)
Proceedings of IPRA-96, Mexico City.

Mark Lee & Yorick Wilks An ascription-based account of speech acts (1996)
Proceedings of COLING-96, Copenhagen.

Mark Lee Planning Ironical Utterances (1996) 15th workshop of the Special Interest Group on Planning and Scheduling, John Moores University, Liverpool.

Mark Lee An ascription based approach to conversational implicature (1996)
14th workshop of Special Interest Group on Planning and Scheduling, University of Essex.

Mark Lee Conjunctive goals as a source of conversational implicature (1994)Technical report CS-94-05, Dept of Computer Science, University of Sheffield

"Belief, Rationality, and Inference: A General Theory of Computational Pragmatics"
(1998) Dept. of Computer Science, University of Sheffield (Warning - it's 220 pages and tends to crash web browsers unless you download it first!)

During my MSc at Manchester, I worked on the problem of story and discourse generation and the psychological plausibility of discourse grammars.

MSc thesis.ps