Xin Yao's Publications

Hardcopy reprints are available for the following papers.

Refereed Papers in Conference Proceedings

  1. X. Yao, ``Challenges and Opportunities in Dynamic Optimisation,'' Proceeding of the 15th Annual Conference on Genetic and Evolutionary Computation Conference (GECCO 2013) Companion, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, pp.1761-1762, ACM Press. (Keynote Talk)

  2. G. Nebehay, W. Chibamu, P. R. Lewis, A. Chandra, R. Pflugfelder and X. Yao, ``Can Diversity amongst Learners Improve Online Object Tracking?'' Proc. of the 11th International Workshop on Multiple Classifier Systems, LNCS 7872, Z.-H. Zhou, F. Roli and J. Kittler (Eds.), pp.212-223, May 2013, Springer-Verlag, Berlin.

  3. R. Wang, W. Dong, Y. Wang, K. Tang and X. Yao, ``Pipe failure prediction: A data mining method,'' Proc. of the 29th IEEE International Conference on Data Engineering (ICDE 2013), Brisbane, Australia, pp.1208-1218, April 2013.

  4. H. Fu, B. Sendhoff, K. Tang and X. Yao, ``Finding Robust Solutions to Dynamic Optimization Problems,'' Proc. of EvoApplications 2013, LNCS 7835, A. I. Esparcia-Alc\'azar et al. (Eds.), pp.616-625, April 2013, Springer-Verlag, Berlin.

  5. L. Esterle, B. Rinner, P. R Lewis and X. Yao, ``Improved adaptivity and robustness in decentralised multi-camera networks,'' Proc. of the Sixth International Conference on Distributed Smart Cameras (ICDSC), pp.1-6, IEEE Press, 30 October -- 2 November 2012.

  6. L. L. Minku and X. Yao, ``Can Cross-company Data Improve Performance in Software Effort Estimation?'' Proc. of the 2012 Conference on Predictive Models in Software Engineering (PROMISE'12), Lund, Sweden, 21-22 September 2012. DOI: 10.1145/2365324.2365334.

  7. M. Harman, E. Burke, J. Clark and X. Yao, ``Dynamic adaptive search based software engineering,'' Proc. of the ACM-IEEE International Symposium on Empirical Software Engineering and Measurement (ESEM'12), pp.1-8, ACM Press, Lund, Sweden, 19-20 September 2012.

  8. Q. Huang, T. White, G. Jia, M. Musolesi, N. Turan, K. Tang, S. He, J. K. Heath and X. Yao, ``Community Detection Using Cooperative Co-evolutionary Differential Evolution,'' Proc. of the 12th International Conference on Parallel Problem Solving from Nature (PPSN XII), C. A.Coello Coello, V. Cutello, K. Deb, S. Forrest, G. Nicosia and M. Pavone (eds.), Lecture Notes in Computer Science, Volume 7492/2012, pp.235-244, Taormina, Italy, 1-5 September 2012.

  9. M. Mavrovouniotis, S. Yang and X. Yao, ``A Benchmark Generator for Dynamic Permutation-Encoded Problems,'' Proc. of the 12th International Conference on Parallel Problem Solving from Nature (PPSN XII), C. A.Coello Coello, V. Cutello, K. Deb, S. Forrest, G. Nicosia and M. Pavone (eds.), Lecture Notes in Computer Science, Volume 7492/2012, pp.508-517, Taormina, Italy, 1-5 September 2012.

  10. A. Mambrini, D. Sudholt and X. Yao, ``Homogeneous and Heterogeneous Island Models for the Set Cover Problem,'' Proc. of the 12th International Conference on Parallel Problem Solving from Nature (PPSN XII), C. A.Coello Coello, V. Cutello, K. Deb, S. Forrest, G. Nicosia and M. Pavone (eds.), Lecture Notes in Computer Science, Volume 7492/2012, pp.11-20, Taormina, Italy, 1-5 September 2012.

  11. X Yang, K Tang, X Yao, ``A learning-to-rank algorithm for constructing defect prediction models,'' Proc. of the 13th International Conference on Intelligent Data Engineering and Automated Learning (IDEAL'12), H. Yin, J. A.F. Costa and G. Barreto (eds.), Lecture Notes in Computer Science, Volume 7435/2012, pp.167-175, Natal, Brazil, 29-31 August 2012.

  12. X. Yao, ``Unpacking and Understanding Evolutionary Algorithms,'' In Advances in Computational Intelligence, Lecture Notes in Computer Science, Volume 7311/2012, pp.60-76, 2012. (Based on the WCCI'12 Plenary Talk)

  13. L.L. Minku, D. Sudholt and X. Yao, ``Evolutionary algorithms for the project scheduling problem: runtime analysis and improved design,'' Proc. of the 14th International Conference on Genetic and Evolutionary Computation Conference (GECCO'12), pp.1221-1228, ACM Press, Philadelphia, USA, 7-11 July 2012.

  14. B. Rinner, B. Dieber, L. Esterle, P.R. Lewis and X. Yao, ``Resource-aware configuration in smart camera networks,'' Proc. of the 2012 IEEE Computer Society Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition Workshops (CVPRW), pp.58-65, IEEE Press, Providence, RI, USA, 16-21 June 2012.

  15. H. Fu, B. Sendhoff, K. Tang and X. Yao, ``Characterizing environmental changes in robust optimization over time,'' Proc. of the 2012 IEEE Congress on Evolutionary Computation (CEC'12), pp.551-558, IEEE Press, Brisbane, Australia, 10-15 June 2012.

  16. L. L. Minku and X. Yao, ``Using unreliable data for creating more reliable online learners,'' Proc. of the 2012 International Joint Conference on Neural Networks (IJCNN'12), pp.2492-2499, IEEE Press, Brisbane, Australia, 10-15 June 2012.

  17. F. Fern\'andez-Navarro, H. Chen, P. Guti\'errez, C. Herv\'as-Mart\'inez and X. Yao, ``Neural network ensembles to determine growth multi-classes in predictive microbiology,'' Proc. of the 7th International Conference on Hybrid Artificial Intelligent Systems (HAIS 2012), E. Corchado, V. Sn\'a\v{s}el, A. Abraham, M. Wozniak, M. Gra\~na and S.-B. Cho (eds.), Lecture Notes in Computer Science, Volume 7209/2012, pp.308-318, Salamanca, Spain, 28-30 March 2012.

  18. E. Robinson, P. McBurney and X. Yao, ``Co-learning Segmentation in Marketplaces,'' Proc. of the 2011 International Workshop on Adaptive and Learning Agents (ALA'2011), Revised Selected Papers, P. Vrancx, M. Knudson and M. Grzes (eds.), Lecture Notes in Computer Science, Volume 7113/2012, pp.1-20, 2012.

  19. J. Li, G. Lu and X. Yao, ``Fitness Landscape-Based Parameter Tuning Method for Evolutionary Algorithms for Computing Unique Input Output Sequences,'' Proc. of the 18th International Conference on Neural Information Processing (ICONIP'11), 14-17 November 2011, Shanghai, China, Lecture Notes in Computer Science, Volume 7063/2011, pp.453-460.

  20. P. R. Lewis, A. Chandra, S. Parsons, E. Robinson, K. Glette, R. Bahsoon, J. Torresen and X. Yao, ``A Survey of Self-Awareness and Its Application in Computing Systems.'' Proceedings of the 1st AWARE Workshop: Challenges in Achieving Self-Awareness in Autonomous Systems at SASO 2011: Fifth IEEE International Conference on Self-Adaptive and Self-Organizing Systems. 7 October 2011, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA.

  21. L. L. Minku and X. Yao, ``A principled evaluation of ensembles of learning machines for software effort estimation,'' Proc. of the 7th International Conference on Predictive Models in Software Engineering (PROMISE'11), Banff, Canada, 20-21 September 2011.
    Also available here.

  22. L. Esterle, P. R. Lewis, M. Bogdanski, B. Rinner and X. Yao, ``A socio-economic approach to online vision graph generation and handover in distributed smart camera networks.'' Proceedings of the Fifth ACM/IEEE International Conference on Distributed Smart Cameras (ICDSC-11), pp.1-6, Ghent, Belgium, 22-25 August 2011. IEEE Press.
    Also available here.

  23. E. Robinson, P. McBurney and X. Yao, ``Market Niching in Multi-attribute Computational Resource Allocation Systems,'' Proceedings of the 13th International Conference on Electronic Commerce (ICEC 11), 3-5 August 2011, Liverpool, UK.

  24. P. R. Lewis, P. Marrow and X. Yao, ``A Diversity Dilemma in Evolutionary Markets,'' Proceedings of the 13th International Conference on Electronic Commerce (ICEC 11), 3-5 August 2011, Liverpool, UK.

  25. B. Jones, A. Soltoggio, B. Sendhoff and X. Yao, ``Evolution of neural symmetry and its coupled alignment to body plan morphology.'' Proc. of the 13th Annual Conference on Genetic and Evolutionary Computation (GECCO 2011), pp.235-242, 12-16 July 2011, Dublin, Ireland, ACM Press, New York, NY, USA.
    Also available here

  26. M. N. Omidvar, X. Li and X. Yao, ``Smart use of computational resources based on contribution for cooperative co-evolutionary algorithms.'' Proc. of the 13th Annual Conference on Genetic and Evolutionary Computation (GECCO 2011), pp.1115-1122, 12-16 July 2011, Dublin, Ireland, ACM Press, New York, NY, USA.
    Also available here.

  27. M. Bogdanski, P. R. Lewis, T. Becker and X. Yao, ``Improving Scheduling Techniques in Heterogeneous Systems with Dynamic, On-Line Optimisations.'' Proc. of the Fifth International Conference on Complex, Intelligent and Software Intensive Systems (CISIS 2011), Seoul, South Korea, 29 June -- 2 July 2011, IEEE Computer Society Press, Washington, DC, USA, pp.496-501.
    Also available here.

  28. P. Wang, K. Tang, E. P. K. Tsang and X. Yao, ``A Memetic Genetic Programming with decision tree-based local search for classification problems.'' Proc. of 2011 IEEE Congress on Evolutionary Computation , IEEE Press, pp.917-924. 5-8 June 2011, New Orleans, USA.
    Also available here.

  29. X. Lu, K. Tang and X. Yao, ``Classification-assisted Differential Evolution for computationally expensive problems.'' Proc. of 2011 IEEE Congress on Evolutionary Computation, IEEE Press, pp.1986-1993. 5-8 June 2011, New Orleans, USA.
    Also available here.

  30. G. Lu, J. Li and X. Yao, ``Fitness-Probability Cloud and a Measure of Problem Hardness for Evolutionary Algorithms.'' Proc. the 11th European Conference on Evolutionary Computation in Combinatorial Optimization (EvoCOP 2011), P. Merz and J.-K. Hao (eds.), Lecture Notes in Computer Science, Volume 6622, pp.108-117, Torino, Italy, 27-29 April 2011.

  31. S. Cathabard, P. K. Lehre and X. Yao, ``Non-uniform mutation rates for problems with unknown solution lengths.'' Proc. of the 11th Workshop on Foundations of Genetic Algorithms (FOGA 2011), pp.173-180, 5-9 January 2011, Schwarzenberg, Austria. ACM Press, New York, NY, USA.
    Also available here.

  32. A. Rahman, B. Verma and X. Yao, "Non-uniform Layered Clustering for Ensemble Classifier Generation and Optimality," Proc. of the 17th International Conference on Neural Information Processing --- Theory and Algorithms (ICONIP'10), K. W. Wong, B. Sumudu U. Mendis and A. Bouzerdoum (editors), 22-25 November 2010, Sydney, Australia, Lecture Notes in Computer Science, Volume 6443, pp.551-558.

  33. J. M. Whitacre, P. Rohlfshagen, A. Bender and X. Yao, "The role of degenerate robustness in the evolvability of multi-agent systems in dynamic environments," Proc. of the 11th International Conference on Parallel Problem Solving from Nature, R. Schaefer, C. Cotta, J. Kolodziej and G. Rudolph (editors), Krakow, Poland, Lecture Notes in Computer Science, Volume 6238, pp.284-293, 11-15 September 2010.

  34. B. Jones, Y. Jin, B. Sendhoff and X. Yao, "Emergent Distribution of Computational Workload in the Evolution of an Undulatory Animat," Proc. of the 11th International Conference on Simulation of Adaptive Behavior, Paris, France, 24-28 August 2010. Lecture Notes in Computer Science, Volume 6226, pp.587-596.

  35. S. Wang, H. Chen and X. Yao, ``Negative Correlation Learning for Classification Ensembles,'' Proc. of the 2010 International Joint Conference on Neural Networks (IJCNN'10), Barcelona, Spain, 18-23 July 2010. pp.2893-2900.
    Also available here.

  36. M. N. Omidvar, X. Li, X. Yao and Z. Yang, ``Cooperative Co-evolution for Large Scale Optimization Through More Frequent Random Grouping,'' Proc. of the 2010 IEEE Congress on Evolutionary Computation (CEC2010), Barcelona, Spain, 18-23 July 2010. pp.1754-1761.
    Also available here.

  37. Y. Mei, K. Tang and X. Yao, ``Capacitated Arc Routing Problem in Uncertain Environments,'' Proc. of the 2010 IEEE Congress on Evolutionary Computation (CEC2010), Barcelona, Spain, 18-23 July 2010. pp.1400-1407.
    Also available here.

  38. X. Yu, Y. Jin, K. Tang and X. Yao, ``Robust Optimization over Time --- A New Perspective on Dynamic Optimization Problems,'' Proc. of the 2010 IEEE Congress on Evolutionary Computation (CEC2010), Barcelona, Spain, 18-23 July 2010, pp.3998-4003.
    Also available here.

  39. M. N. Omidvar, X. Li and X. Yao, ``Cooperative Co-evolution with Delta Grouping for Large Scale Non-separable Function Optimization,'' Proc. of the 2010 IEEE Congress on Evolutionary Computation (CEC2010), Barcelona, Spain, 18-23 July 2010. pp.1762-1769.
    Also available here.

  40. P. Rohlfshagen and X. Yao, ``On the Role of Modularity in Evolutionary Dynamic Optimisation,'' Proc. of the 2010 IEEE Congress on Evolutionary Computation (CEC2010), Barcelona, Spain, 18-23 July 2010, pp.3539-3546.
    Also available here.

  41. X. Lu, K. Tang and X. Yao, ``Evolving Neural Networks with Maximum AUC for Imbalanced Data Classification,'' Proc. of the 5th International Conference on Hybrid Artificial Intelligence Systems (HAIS'2010), M. G. Romay, E. Corchado and M. T. G. Sebastian (ediors), San Sebasti\'an, Spain, 23-25 June 2010, Lecture Notes in Computer Science, Volume 6076, pp.335-342.

  42. P. Tino, S. Y. Chong and X. Yao, ``On Reliability of Simulations of Complex Co-evolutionary Process,'' Proc. of the 24th European Conference on Modelling and Simulation (ECMS 2010), pp.258-264, 1-4 June 2010, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.

  43. A. Chandra, P. S. Oliveto and X. Yao, ``Co-evolution of Optimal Agents for the Alternating Offers Bargaining Game,'' Proc. of EvoApplicatons 2010: EvoCOMPLEX, EvoGAMES, EvoIASP, EvoINTELLIGENCE, EvoNUM, and EvoSTOC, C. D. Chio, S. Cagnoni, C. Cotta, M. Ebner, A. Ek\'art, A. I. Esparcia-Alcazar, C.-K. Goh, J. J. Merelo, F. Neri and M. Preuss, et al. (editors), Lecture Notes in Computer Science, Volume 6024, pp.61-70, Istanbul, Turkey, 7-9 April 2010.

  44. S. Wang and X. Yao, ``Theoretical Study of the Relationship between Diversity and Single-Class Measures for Class Imbalance Learning,'' Proc. of 2009 IEEE International Conference on Data Mining Workshops, IEEE Computer Society Press, Miami, Florida, USA, 6 December 2009, pp.76-81.

  45. V. Nallur, R. Bahsoon and X. Yao, "Self-optimizing architecture for ensuring quality attributes in the cloud," In Joint Proc. of the 8th Working IEEE/IFIP Conference on Software Architecture and 3rd European Conference on Software Architecture (WICSA/ECSA 2009), Cambridge, UK, 14-17 September 2009, pp.281-284.
    Also available here.

  46. B. Jones, Y. Jin, B. Sendhoff and X. Yao, ``The evolutionary emergence of neural organization in a hydra-like animat,'' Frontiers in Computational Neuroscience, Conference Abstract:Bernstein Conference on Computational Neuroscience, Frankfurt am Main, Germany, 30/9-2/10/2009.

  47. P. Rohlfshagen, P. K. Lehre and X. Yao, ``Dynamic evolutionary optimisation: An analysis of frequency and magnitude of change,'' In Proceedings of the 2009 Genetic and Evolutionary Computation Conference, pp.1713-1720, 2009. (Won the Best Paper Prize in the Theory Track.)
    Also available here.

  48. S. Wang and X. Yao ``Diversity exploration and negative correlation learning on imbalanced data sets,'' Proc. of the 2009 International Joint Conference on Neural Networks (IJCNN'09), Atlanta, GA, USA, 14-19 June 2009, pp.3259-3266.
    Also available here.

  49. R. Landa Becerra, R. Sagarna and X. Yao, ``An Evaluation of Differential Evolution in Software Test Data Generation,'' Proceedings of the 2009 IEEE Congress on Evolutionary Computation (CEC2009), Trondheim, Norway, 18-21 May 2009, IEEE Press, pp.2850-2857.
    Also available here.

  50. P. R. Lewis, P. Marrow and X. Yao, ``Evolutionary Market Agents and Heterogeneous Service Providers: Achieving Desired Resource Allocations,'' Proceedings of the 2009 IEEE Congress on Evolutionary Computation (CEC2009), Trondheim, Norway, 18-21 May 2009, IEEE Press, pp.907-910.
    Also available here.

  51. F. Peng, K. Tang, G. Chen and X. Yao, ``Multi-start JADE with knowledge transfer for numerical optimization,'' Proceedings of the 2009 IEEE Congress on Evolutionary Computation (CEC2009), Trondheim, Norway, 18-21 May 2009, IEEE Press, pp.1889-1895.
    Also available here.

  52. T. T. Nguyen and X. Yao, ``Benchmarking and Solving Dynamic Constrained Problems,'' Proceedings of the 2009 IEEE Congress on Evolutionary Computation (CEC2009), Trondheim, Norway, 18-21 May 2009, IEEE Press, pp.690-697.
    Also available here.

  53. T. Ray and X. Yao, ``A Cooperative Coevolutionary Algorithm with Correlation Based Adaptive Variable Partitioning,'' Proceedings of the 2009 IEEE Congress on Evolutionary Computation (CEC2009), Trondheim, Norway, 18-21 May 2009, IEEE Press, pp.983-989.
    Also available here.

  54. Y. Mei, K. Tang and X. Yao, ``Improved Memetic Algorithm for Capacitated Arc Routing Problem,'' Proceedings of the 2009 IEEE Congress on Evolutionary Computation (CEC2009), Trondheim, Norway, 18-21 May 2009, IEEE Press, pp.1699-1706.
    Also available here.

  55. Z. Yang, J. Zhang, K. Tang, X. Yao and A. C. Sanderson, ``An Adaptive Coevolutionary Differential Evolution Algorithm for Large-Scale Optimization,'' Proceedings of the 2009 IEEE Congress on Evolutionary Computation (CEC2009), Trondheim, Norway, 18-21 May 2009, IEEE Press, pp.102-109.
    Also available here.

  56. X. Li and X. Yao, ``Tackling High Dimensional Nonseparable Optimization Problems by Cooperatively Coevolving Particle Swarms,'' Proceedings of the 2009 IEEE Congress on Evolutionary Computation (CEC2009), Trondheim, Norway, 18-21 May 2009, IEEE Press, pp.1546-1553.
    Also available here.

  57. T. Chen, P. K. Lehre, K. Tang and X. Yao, ``When Is an Estimation of Distribution Algorithm Better than an Evolutionary Algorithm?'' Proceedings of the 2009 IEEE Congress on Evolutionary Computation (CEC2009), Trondheim, Norway, 18-21 May 2009, IEEE Press, pp.1470-1477.
    Also available here.

  58. H. K. Singh, A. Isaacs, T. T. Nguyen, T. Ray and X. Yao, ``Performance of Infeasibility Driven Evolutionary Algorithm (IDEA) on Constrained Dynamic Single Objective Optimization Problems,'' Proceedings of the 2009 IEEE Congress on Evolutionary Computation (CEC2009), Trondheim, Norway, 18-21 May 2009, IEEE Press, pp.3127-3134.
    Also available here.

  59. T. Chen, K. Tang, G. Chen and X. Yao, ``Rigorous Time Complexity Analysis of Univariate Marginal Distribution Algorithm with Margins,'' Proceedings of the 2009 IEEE Congress on Evolutionary Computation (CEC2009), Trondheim, Norway, 18-21 May 2009, IEEE Press, pp.2157-2164.
    Also available here.

  60. Z. Wang, T. Chen, K. Tang and X. Yao, ``A Multi-Objective Approach to Redundancy Allocation Problem in Parallel-Series Systems,'' Proceedings of the 2009 IEEE Congress on Evolutionary Computation (CEC2009), Trondheim, Norway, 18-21 May 2009, IEEE Press, pp.582-589.
    Also available here.

  61. J. Tate, B. Woolford-Lim, I. Bate and X. Yao, ``Comparing Design of Experiments and Evolutionary Approaches to Multi-Objective Optimisation of Sensornet Protocols,'' Proceedings of the 2009 IEEE Congress on Evolutionary Computation (CEC2009), Trondheim, Norway, 18-21 May 2009, IEEE Press, pp.1137-1144.
    Also available here.

  62. P. Rohlfshagen and X. Yao, ``The dynamic knapsack problem revisited: A new benchmark problem for dynamic combinatorial optimisation,'' In M. Giacobini et al (Eds.), Proceedings of the 2009 European Workshops on Applications of Evolutionary Computation, EvoWorkshops 2009, Lecture Notes in Computer Science, Vol. 5484, Springer, pp.745-754, 2009.

  63. T. T. Nguyen and X. Yao, ``Dynamic Time-linkage Problems Revisited,'' In M. Giacobini et al (Eds.), Proceedings of the 2009 European Workshops on Applications of Evolutionary Computation, EvoWorkshops 2009, Lecture Notes in Computer Science, Vol. 5484, Springer, pp.735-744, April 2009.
    Also available here.

  64. S. Wang and X. Yao ``Diversity analysis on imbalanced data sets by using ensemble models,'' Proc. of 2009 IEEE Symposium on Computational Intelligence and Data Mining (CIDM'09), Nashville, TN, USA, 30 March -- 2 April 2009, pp.324-331.
    Also available here.

  65. P. K. Lehre and X. Yao, ``Crossover can be constructive when computing unique input output sequences,'' Proceedings of the Seventh International Conference on Simulated Evolution And Learning (SEAL'2008), Lecture Notes in Computer Science, Volume 5361, Springer-Verlag, Berlin, December 2008, pp.595-604.

  66. A. Arcuri, D. R. White, J. Clark and X. Yao, ``Multi-Objective Improvement of Software using Co-evolution and Smart Seeding,'' Proceedings of the Seventh International Conference on Simulated Evolution And Learning (SEAL'2008), Lecture Notes in Computer Science, Volume 5361, Springer-Verlag, Berlin, December 2008, pp.61-70.

  67. P. Rohlfshagen and X. Yao, ``Attributes of Dynamic Combinatorial Optimisation,'' Proceedings of the Seventh International Conference on Simulated Evolution And Learning (SEAL'2008), Lecture Notes in Computer Science, Volume~5361, Springer-Verlag, Berlin, December 2008, pp.442-451.

  68. E. G. Ortiz-Garc\'ia, S. Salcedo-Sanz, \'A. M. P\'erez-Bellido, A. Portilla-Figueras and X. Yao, ``Solving Very Difficult Japanese Puzzles with a Hybrid Evolutionary-Logic Algorithm,'' Proceedings of the Seventh International Conference on Simulated Evolution And Learning (SEAL'2008), Lecture Notes in Computer Science, Volume 5361, Springer-Verlag, Berlin, December 2008, pp.360-369.

  69. B. Jones, Y. Jin, B. Sendhoff and X. Yao, ``Evolving functional symmetry in a three dimensional model of an elongated organism,'' in Artificial Life XI: Proceedings of the Eleventh International Conference on the Simulation and Synthesis of Living Systems, S. Bullock, J. Noble, R. Watson and M. A. Bedau (Eds.), MIT Press, Cambridge, MA, 2008, pp.305-312.
    Also available here.

  70. B. Jones, Y. Jin, X. Yao and B. Sendhoff, ``Evolution of Neural Organization in A Hydra-Like Animat,'' Proceedings of the 15th International Conference on Neural Information Processing (ICONIP'08), November 25-28, 2008, Auckland, NZ. Lecture Notes in Computer Science, Vol. 5506, pp.216-223.

  71. P. R. Lewis, P. Marrow and X. Yao, ``Evolutionary Market Agents for Resource Allocation in Decentralised Systems,'' Proc. of the 10th International Conference on Parallel Problem Solving from Nature (PPSN X), G. Rudolph, T. Jansen, S. Lucas, C. Poloni and N. Beume (eds.), Lecture Notes in Computer Science, Vol. 5199, Springer, pp.1071-1080, September 2008.

  72. F. L. Minku and X. Yao, ``On-line Bagging Negative Correlation Learning,'' Proceedings of the 2008 International Joint Conference on Neural Networks (IJCNN2008), Hongkong, China, June 2008, IEEE Press, pp.1374-1381.

  73. C. MacNish and X. Yao, ``Direction Matters in High-Dimensional Optimisation,'' Proceedings of the 2008 IEEE Congress on Evolutionary Computation (CEC2008), Hongkong, China, June 2008, IEEE Press, pp.2372-2379.

  74. P. C. H. Ma, K. C. C. Chan and X. Yao, ``An Effective Evolutionary Algorithm for Discrete-valued Data Clustering,'' Proceedings of the 2008 IEEE Congress on Evolutionary Computation (CEC2008), Hongkong, China, June 2008, IEEE Press, pp.210-216.

  75. A. Arcuri and X. Yao, ``A Novel Co-Evolutionary Approach to Automatic Software Bug Fixing,'' Proceedings of the 2008 IEEE Congress on Evolutionary Computation (CEC2008), Hongkong, China, June 2008, IEEE Press, pp.162-168.

  76. P. S. Oliveto, J. He and X. Yao, ``Analysis of Population-Based Evolutionary Algorithms for the Vertex Cover Problem,'' Proceedings of the 2008 IEEE Congress on Evolutionary Computation (CEC2008), Hongkong, China, June 2008, IEEE Press, pp.1563-1570.

  77. N. Samways, Y. Jin, X. Yao and B. Sendhoff, ``Toward a Gene Regulatory Network Model for Evolving Chemotaxis Behavior,'' Proceedings of the 2008 IEEE Congress on Evolutionary Computation (CEC2008), Hongkong, China, June 2008, IEEE Press, 2569-2576.

  78. W. Dong and X. Yao, ``NichingEDA: Utilizing the Diversity Inside a Population of EDAs for Continuous Optimization,'' Proceedings of the 2008 IEEE Congress on Evolutionary Computation (CEC2008), Hongkong, China, June 2008, IEEE Press, pp.1260-1267.

  79. M. Lin, K. Tang and X. Yao, "Selective Negative Correlation Learning Algorithm for Incremental Learning", Proceedings of the 2008 International Joint Conference on Neural Networks (IJCNN2008), Hongkong, China, June 2008, pp.2525-2530. IEEE Press.

  80. Z. Wang, K. Tang and X. Yao, "A Multi-objective Approach to Testing Resource Allocation in Modular Software Systems", Proceedings of the 2008 IEEE Congress on Evolutionary Computation (CEC2008), Hongkong, China, June 2008, pp. 1148-1153. IEEE Press.

  81. X. Yu, K. Tang and X. Yao, "An Immigrants Scheme Based on Environmental Information for Genetic Algorithms in Changing Environments", Proceedings of the 2008 IEEE Congress on Evolutionary Computation (CEC2008), Hongkong, China, June 2008, pp. 1141-1147. IEEE Press.

  82. Z. Yang, K. Tang and X. Yao, "Self-adaptive Differential Evolution with Neighborhood Search", Proceedings of the 2008 IEEE Congress on Evolutionary Computation (CEC2008), Hongkong, China, June 2008, 1110-1116. IEEE Press.

  83. Z. Yang, K. Tang and X. Yao, "Multilevel Cooperative Coevolution for Large Scale Optimization", Proceedings of the 2008 IEEE Congress on Evolutionary Computation (CEC2008), Hongkong, China, June 2008, pp. 1663-1670. IEEE Press.

  84. A. Arcuri, P. K. Lehre and X. Yao, ``Theoretical Runtime Analyses of Search Algorithms on the Test Data Generation for the Triangle Classification Problem,'' Proceedings of the 2008 IEEE International Conference on Software Testing Verification and Validation Workshop (ICSTW'08), 9-11 April 2008. Lillehammer, Norway. pp.161-169. IEEE Computer Society Press. (Won the Best PhD Student Paper Prize)
    Also available here.

  85. R. Sagarna and X. Yao, ``Handling Constraints for Search Based Software Test Data Generation,'' Proceedings of the 2008 IEEE International Conference onSoftware Testing Verification and Validation Workshop (ICSTW'08), 9-11 April 2008. Lillehammer, Norway. pp.232-240. IEEE Computer Society Press.
    Also available here.

  86. Y. Matsumura, M. Oiso, K. Ohkura, N. Fujimoto, K. Hagihara, J. L. Wyatt, X. Yao, ``Grid Task Scheduling Algorithm R3Q for Evolving Artificial Neural Networks,'' In Advances in Cognitive Neurodynamics: Proceedings of 1st International Conference on Cognitive Neurodynamics (ICCN 2007), R. Wang, F. Gu, E. Shen Editors), 17-21 November 2007, Shanghai, China, 717-722, ISBN: 9781402083860).

  87. R. Gil-Pita and X. Yao, ``Using a Genetic Algorithm for Editing k-Nearest Neighbor Classifiers,'' Proc. of the 8th International Conference on Intelligent Data Engineering and Automated Learning (IDEAL'07), Lecture Notes in Computer Science, Vol.~4881, Springer, Berlin, pp.1141-1150, December 2007.

  88. A. Arcuri and X. Yao, ``Coevolving programs and unit tests from their specification,'' Proc. of the 22nd IEEE/ACM International Conference on Automated Software Engineering (ASE'2007), Atlanta, Georgia, USA, pp.397-400, ACM Press, New York, NY, USA, November 2007.
    Also available here.

  89. A. Arcuri and X. Yao, ``On test data generation of object-oriented software,'' Proc. of Testing: Academic and Industrial Conference Practice and Research Techniques --- MUTATION (TAICPART-MUTATION'2007), Windsor, UK, September 2007, pp.72-76, IEEE Computer Society Press, CA, USA.
    Also available here.

  90. H. Chen and X. Yao, ``Evolutionary ensemble for In Silico prediction of Ames test mutagenicity,'' Proc. of the 3rd Intenational Conference on Intelligent Computing (ICIC'07), Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence, Vol. 4682, pp.1162-1171, August 2007.
    Available here.

  91. W. Dong and X. Yao, ``Covariance Matrix Repairing in Gaussian Based EDAs,'' Proc. of the 2007 IEEE Congress on Evolutionary Computation (CEC'07), Singapore, 25-28 September 2007. pp.415-422.

  92. T. Chen, K. Tang, G. L. Chen and X. Yao, ``On the Analysis of Average Time Complexity of Estimation of Distribution Algorithms,'' Proc. of the 2007 IEEE Congress on Evolutionary Computation (CEC'07), Singapore, 25-28 September 2007. pp.453-460.

  93. J. He, Z. Yang and X. Yao, ``Hybridisation of Evolutionary Programming and Machine Learning with k-Nearest Neighbor Estimation,'' Proc. of the 2007 IEEE Congress on Evolutionary Computation (CEC'07), Singapore, 25-28 September 2007. pp.1693-1700.

  94. K. Praditwong and X. Yao, ``How Well Do Multi-objective Evolutionary Algorithms Scale to Large Problems,'' Proc. of the 2007 IEEE Congress on Evolutionary Computation (CEC'07), Singapore, 25-28 September 2007, pp.3959-3966.

  95. Z. Yang, K. Tang and X. Yao, ``Differential Evolution for High-Dimensional Function Optimization,'' Proc. of the 2007 IEEE Congress on Evolutionary Computation (CEC'07), Singapore, 25-28 September 2007, pp.3523-3530.

  96. T. Ellis and X. Yao, ``Evolving Cooperation in the Non-Iterated Prisoner's Dilemma: A Social Network Inspired Approach,'' Proc. of the 2007 IEEE Congress on Evolutionary Computation (CEC'07), Singapore, 25-28 September 2007. pp.736-743.

  97. R. Sagarna, A. Arcuri and X. Yao, ``Estimation of Distribution Algorithms for Testing Object Oriented Software,'' Proc. of the 2007 IEEE Congress on Evolutionary Computation (CEC'07), Singapore, 25-28 September 2007. pp.438-444.

  98. P. S. Oliveto, J. He and X. Yao, ``Evolutionary Algorithms and the Vertex Cover Problem,'' Proc. of the 2007 IEEE Congress on Evolutionary Computation (CEC'07), Singapore, 25-28 September 2007. pp.1870-1877.

  99. A. Arcuri and X. Yao, ``A Memetic Algorithm for Test Data Generation in Software Engineering,'' Proc. of the 2007 IEEE Congress on Evolutionary Computation (CEC'07), Singapore, 25-28 September 2007. pp.2048-2055.

  100. H. Chen and X. Yao, ``Evolutionary Random Neural Ensemble Based on Negative Correlation Learning,'' Proc. of the 2007 IEEE Congress on Evolutionary Computation (CEC'07), Singapore, 25-28 September 2007. pp.1468-1474.

  101. P. Zhang, X. Yao, L. Jia, B. Sendhoff and T. Schnier, ``Target Shape Design Optimization by Evolving Splines,'' Proc. of the 2007 IEEE Congress on Evolutionary Computation (CEC'07), Singapore, 25-28 September 2007. pp.2009-2016.

  102. P. K. Lehre and X. Yao, ``Runtime Analysis of (1+1) EA on Computing Unique Input Output Sequences,'' Proc. of the 2007 IEEE Congress on Evolutionary Computation (CEC'07), Singapore, 25-28 September 2007. pp.1882-1889.

  103. P. Sun and X. Yao, ``Boosting kernel models for regression,'' Proc. of the 6th IEEE International Conference on Data Mining (ICDM06), pp.583-591, Hong Kong, 18-22 December 2006.

  104. H. Chen, P. Tino and X. Yao, ``A Probabilistic Ensemble Pruning Algorithm,'' Accepted by Workshops of the 6th IEEE International Conference on Data Mining (ICDM06), Hong Kong, 18-22 December 2006.

  105. K. Praditwong and X. Yao, ``A new multi-objective evolutionary optimisation algorithm: the two-archive algorithm,'' Proc. of the 2006 International Conference on Computational Intelligence and Security (CIS'2006), November 3-6, 2006, Ramada Pearl Hotel, Guangzhou, China. IEEE Press, Volume 1, pp.286-291.
    Available as a PDF file here.

  106. J. He, Z. Yang and X. Yao, ``Hybridisation of Particle Swarm Optimization and Fast Evolutionary Programming,'' Proc. of the 6th International Conference on Simulated Evolution and Learning (SEAL'06), Hefei, China, Lecture Notes in Computer Science, Vol. 4247, pp.392-399, Springer, October 2006.

  107. J. He, X. Yao and J. Tang, ``Towards Intrinsic Evolvable Hardware for Predictive Lossless Image Compression,'' Proc. of the 6th International Conference on Simulated Evolution and Learning (SEAL'06), Hefei, China, Lecture Notes in Computer Science, Vol. 4247, pp.632-639, Springer, October 2006.

  108. J. Sun, Q. Zhang, J. Li and X. Yao, ``A Hybrid Estimation of Distribution Algorithm for CDMA Cellular System Design,'' Proc. of the 6th International Conference on Simulated Evolution and Learning (SEAL'06), Hefei, China, Lecture Notes in Computer Science, Vol. 4247, pp.905-912, Springer, October 2006.

  109. T. T. Nguyen and X. Yao, ``Hybridizing Cultural Algorithms and Local Search,'' Proc. of the 7th International Conference on Intelligent Data Engineering and Automated Learning (IDEAL 2006), E. Corchado, H. Yin, V. Botti and C. Fyfe (eds.), Lecture Notes in Computer Science, Vol. 4224, Springer, pp.586-594, September 2006, Burgos, Spain.

  110. V. R. Khare, B. Sendhoff and X. Yao, ``Environments Conducive to Evolution of Modularity,'' Proc. of the 9th International Conference on Parallel Problem Solving from Nature (PPSN IX), T. P. Runarsson, H.-G. Beyer, E. Burke, J. J. Merelo-Guerv\'os, L. D. Whitley and X. Yao (eds.), Lecture Notes in Computer Science, Vol. 4193, Springer, pp.603-612, September 2006.

  111. S. Y. Chong and X. Yao, ``Self-Adaptive Payoff Matrices in Repeated Interactions,'' Proc. of the 2006 IEEE Symposium on Computational Intelligence and Games (CIG'06), pp. 103-110, IEEE Press, Piscataway, NJ, USA, 22-24 May 2006, Reno/Lake Tahoe, Nevada, USA.
    Also available here.

  112. P. Sun and X. Yao, ``Greedy forward selection algorithms to Sparse Gaussian Process Regression,'' Proc. of the 2006 International Joint Conference on Neural Networks (IJCNN'06), Vancouver, Canada, 16-21 July 2006. pp.159-165, IEEE Press, USA.

  113. A. Nazemi, X. Yao and A. H. Chan, ``Extracting a set of robust pareto-optimal parameters for hydrologic models using NSGA-II and SCEM,'' Proc. of the 2006 IEEE Congress on Evolutionary Computation (CEC'06), Vancouver, Canada, 16-21 July 2006. pp.6792-6799, IEEE Press, USA.

  114. H. Handa, D. Lin, L. Chapman and X. Yao, ``Robust Solution of Salting Route Optimisation Using Evolutionary Algorithms,'' Proc. of the 2006 IEEE Congress on Evolutionary Computation (CEC'06), Vancouver, Canada, 16-21 July 2006. pp.10455-10462, IEEE Press, USA.

  115. J. He and X. Yao, ``Analysis of Scalable Parallel Evolutionary Algorithms,'' Proc. of the 2006 IEEE Congress on Evolutionary Computation (CEC'06), Vancouver, Canada, 16-21 July 2006. pp.427-434, IEEE Press, USA.

  116. H. Chen and X. Yao, ``Evolutionary Multiobjective Ensemble Learning Based on Bayesian Feature Selection,'' Proc. of the 2006 IEEE Congress on Evolutionary Computation (CEC'06), Vancouver, Canada, 16-21 July 2006. pp.971-978, IEEE Press, USA.

  117. P. Duell, I. Fermin and X. Yao, ``Speciation Techniques in Evolved Ensembles with Negative Correlation Learning,'' Proc. of the 2006 IEEE Congress on Evolutionary Computation (CEC'06), Vancouver, Canada, 16-21 July 2006. pp.11086-11090, IEEE Press, USA.

  118. P. Duell, I. Fermin and X. Yao, ``Diversity creation in local search for the evolution of neural network ensembles,'' Proc. of the 14th European Symposium on Artificial Neural Networks (ESANN'2006), Bruges, Belgium, 26-28 April 2006.
    Also available here.

  119. P. Sun and X. Yao, ``Efficient forward kernel regression with marginal likelihood,'' Proc. of the 14th European Symposium on Artificial Neural Networks (ESANN'2006), Bruges, Belgium, 26-28 April 2006, pp.485-490.
    Also available here.

  120. T. Schnier, X. Yao, R. Beale, R. Hendley, W. Byrne, ``Nature inspired creative design --- bringing together ideas from nature, computer science, engineering, art, design,'' Proceedings of the Seventh International Conference on Adaptive Computing in Design and Manufacture (ACDM 2006), I.C.Parmee (ed), The Institute for People Centred Computation, Bristol, UK, pp.237-240, April 2006.

  121. K. Tang, P. N. Suganthan and X. Yao, ``Feature selection for microarray data using least squares {SVM} and particle swarm optimization,'' Proc. of the 2005 IEEE Symposium on Computational Intelligence in Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, San Diego, California, USA, 14-15/11/2005. (Mr. Ke Tang won the Best Student Paper Award.)
    Also available here.

  122. H. Handa, L. Chapman and X. Yao, ``Dynamic Salting Route Optimisation using Evolutionary Computation,'' Proc. of the 2005 Congress on Evolutionary Computation (CEC'05), Vol.~1, 2-5 September 2005, IEEE Press, Piscataway, NJ, USA, pp.158-165.

  123. J. Li, X. Li and X. Yao, ``Cost-Sensitive Classification with Genetic Programming,'' Proc. of the 2005 Congress on Evolutionary Computation (CEC'05), Vol.~3, 2-5 September 2005, IEEE Press, Piscataway, NJ, USA, pp.2114-2121.

  124. V. R. Khare, X. Yao, B. Sendhoff, Y. Jin and H. Wersing, ``Co-evolutionary modular neural networks for automatic problem decomposition,'' Proc. of the 2005 Congress on Evolutionary Computation (CEC'05), Vol.~3, 2-5 September 2005, IEEE Press, Piscataway, NJ, USA, pp.2691-2698.

  125. X. Li and X. Yao, ``Application of Fuzzy Similarity to Prediction of Epileptic Seizures using EEG signals,'' Proc. of the 2005 International Conference on Fuzzy Systems and Knowledge Discovery (FSKD'05), Changsha, Hunan, China, 27-29 August 2005. Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence, Vol.~3613, pp.645-652.

  126. J. He and X. Yao, ``A Game-Theoretic Approach for Designing Mixed Mutation Strategies,'' Proc. of the 2005 International Conference on Natural Computation (ICNC'05), Changsha, Hunan, China, 27-29 August 2005, Lecture Notes in Computer Science, Vol.~3612, pp.279-288.

  127. P. Tino, N. Nikolaev and X. Yao, ``Volatility Forecasting with Sparse Bayesian Kernel Models,'' In Proc. of the 4th International Conference on Computational Intelligence in Economics and Finance (CIEF'05), pp.1150-1153, July 21-26, 2005, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA.
    Also available here.

  128. A. Chandra and X. Yao, ``Evolutionary Framework for the Construction of Diverse Hybrid Ensembles,'' Proc. of the 13th European Symposium on Artificial Neural Networks (ESANN'2005), Bruges, Belgium, 27-29 April 2005, pp.253-258.
    Also available here.

  129. E. K. Tang, P. N. Suganthan, and X. Yao, ``Nonlinear Feature Extraction Using Evolutionary Algorithm", N. R. Pal et al. (Eds.), Proc. of ICONIP 2004, LNCS 3316, pp. 1014-1019, 2004.

  130. Y. Matsumura, N. Fujimoto, X. Yao, J. Wyatt and K. Hagihara, ``Near-Optimal Dynamic Grid Task Scheduling of Evolution Strategies,'' Proc. of The 4th International Conference on Advanced Mechatronics, pp.175-180, 2004.

  131. Y. Matsumura, N. Fujimoto, X. Yao, J. Wyatt and K. Hagihara, ``Evolution Strategies on Grid Computing,'' Proc. of the China-Japan Joint Conference on Mechatronics, CJ-H2, 2004.

  132. J. Li, X. Yao, C. Frayn, H. G. Khosroshahi, S. Raychaudhury, ``An Evolutionary Approach to Modeling Radial Brightness Distributions in Elliptical Galaxies,'' Proc. of the 8th International Conference on Parallel Problem Solving from Nature (PPSN VIII), Lecture Notes in Computer Science, Vol. 3242, pp.591-601, Springer, September 2004.

  133. V. R. Khare, X. Yao and B. Sendhoff, ``Credit Assignment among Neurons in Co-evolving Populations,'' Proc. of the 8th International Conference on Parallel Problem Solving from Nature (PPSN VIII), Lecture Notes in Computer Science, Vol. 3242, pp.882-891, Springer, September 2004.

  134. A. Chandra and X. Yao, ``DIVACE: Diverse and Accurate Ensemble Learning Algorithm,'' Proc. of the Fifth International Conference on Intelligent Data Engineering and Automated Learning (IDEAL'04), Lecture Notes in Computer Science, Springer, Vol. 3177, pp.619-625, August 2004.
    Available as a PDF file.

  135. Z. Wang, X. Yao, and Y. Xu, ``An Improved Constructive Neural Network Ensemble Approach to Medical Diagnoses,'' Proc. of the Fifth International Conference on Intelligent Data Engineering and Automated Learning (IDEAL'04), Lecture Notes in Computer Science, Springer, Vol. 3177, pp.572-577, August 2004.

  136. S. Y. Chong and X. Yao, ``The Impact of Noise on Iterated Prisoner's Dilemma with Multiple Levels of Cooperation,'' Proc. of the 2004 Congress on Evolutionary Computation (CEC'04), pp.348-355, IEEE Press, Piscataway, NJ, USA, 19-23 June 2004, Portland, Oregon, USA.

  137. J. He, X. Yao and Q. Zhang, ``To understand one-dimensional continuous fitness landscapes by drift analysis,'' Proc. of the 2004 Congress on Evolutionary Computation (CEC'04), pp.1248-1253, IEEE Press, Piscataway, NJ, USA, 19-23 June 2004, Portland, Oregon, USA.

  138. S. Tongchim and X. Yao, ``Parallel Evolutionary Programming,'' Proc. of the 2004 Congress on Evolutionary Computation (CEC'04), pp.1362-1367, IEEE Press, Piscataway, NJ, USA, 19-23 June 2004, Portland, Oregon, USA.

  139. E. K. Tang, P. N. Suganthan and X. Yao, ``Generalized {LDA} Using Relevance Weighting and Evolution Strategy,'' Proc. of the 2004 Congress on Evolutionary Computation (CEC'04), pp.2230-2234, IEEE Press, Piscataway, NJ, USA, 19-23 June 2004, Portland, Oregon, USA.

  140. Y. Xu, S. Salcedo-Sanz and X. Yao, ``Non-standard cost terminal assignment problems using tabu search approach,'' Proc. of the 2004 Congress on Evolutionary Computation (CEC'04), pp.2302- 2306, IEEE Press, Piscataway, NJ, USA, June 2004.

  141. P. Zou, Z. Zhou, G.-L. Chen and X. Yao, ``A novel memetic algorithm with random multi-local-search: a case study of TSP,'' Proc. of the 2004 Congress on Evolutionary Computation (CEC'04), pp.2335-2340, IEEE Press, Piscataway, NJ, USA, 19-23 June 2004, Portland, Oregon, USA.

  142. S. Yang and X. Yao, ``Dual population-based incremental learning for problem optimization in dynamic environments,'' In Proceedings of the 7th Asia Pacific Symposium on Intelligent and Evolutionary Systems, M. Gen et.~al. (editors), pp. 49-56, 2003.

  143. Y. Matsumura, X. Yao, J. L. Wyatt, K. Ohkura and K. Ueda, ``Robust Evolution Strategies Use Adaptive Search Strategies to Design Continuous-Time Recurrent Neural Networks,'' Proc. of the 2nd International Conference on Computational Intelligence, Robotics and Autonomous Systems (CIRAS 2003), December 15-18, 2003, Singapore.

  144. T. P. Runarsson and X. Yao, ``Evolutionary Search and Constraint Violations,'' In Proc. of the 2003 Congress on Evolutionary Computation (CEC'03), IEEE Press, Piscataway, NJ, USA, 8-12 December 2003. pp.1414-1419.

  145. J. He and X. Yao, ``An Analysis of Evolutionary Algorithms for Finding Approximation Solutions to Hard Optimisation Problems,'' In Proc. of the 2003 Congress on Evolutionary Computation (CEC'03), IEEE Press, Piscataway, NJ, USA, 8-12 December 2003. pp.2004-2009.

  146. H. Tianfield, J. Tian and X. Yao, "On the Architectures of Complex Multi-Agent Systems," Proc. of the Workshop on Knowledge Grid and Grid Intelligence (ISBN 0-9734039-0-X), held at the 2003 IEEE/WIC International Conference on Web Intelligence / Intelligent Agent Technology, October 13 - 16, 2003, Halifax, Canada, pp. 195-206.
    Available as a PDF file.

  147. V. Khare, X. Yao and K. Deb, ``Performance Scaling of Multi-objective Evolutionary Algorithms,'' In Proc. of the 2nd International Conference on Evolutionary Multi-Criterion Optimization (EMO'03), Lecture Notes in Computer Science, Vol. 2632, Carlos M. Fonseca, Peter J. Fleming, Eckart Zitzler, Kalyanmoy Deb and Lothar Thiele (Eds.), Springer-Verlag, April 2003, pp.376-390.

  148. T. Schnier and X. Yao, ``Using negative correlation to evolve fault-tolerant circuits,'' In Proc. of the 5th International Conference on Evolvable Systems: From Biology to Hardware (ICES'2003), Lecture Notes in Computer Science, Vol. 2606, A. M. Tyrrell, P. C. Haddow and J. Torresen (Eds.), Springer-Verlag, March 2003, pp.35-46.

  149. G. Brown, X. Yao, J. Wyatt, H. Wersing and B. Sendhoff, ``Exploiting Ensemble Diversity for Automatic Feature Extraction,'' Proc. of the 9th International Conference on Neural Information Processing (ICONIP'02), pp.1786-1790, Singapore, November 2002.

  150. V. Khare and X. Yao, ``Artificial speciation and automatic modularisation,'' Proc. of the 4th Asia-Pacific Conference on Simulated Evolution And Learning (SEAL'02), pp.56-60, Singapore, November 2002.

  151. J. He and X. Yao, ``Maximum Cardinality Matching by Evolutionary Algorithms,'' Proc. of the 2002 UK Workshop on Computational Intelligence (UKCI'02), J. A. Bullinaria (ed.), Birmingham, UK, September 2002, pp.53-60.

  152. K. Gupta and X. Yao, ``Evolutionary Approach for Vehicle Routing Problem with Time Windows and Facility Location Allocation Problem,'' Proc. of the 2002 UK Workshop on Computational Intelligence (UKCI'02), J. A. Bullinaria (ed.), Birmingham, UK, September 2002, pp.45-52.

  153. V. Khare and X. Yao, ``Artificial Speciation of Neural Network Ensembles,'' Proc. of the 2002 UK Workshop on Computational Intelligence (UKCI'02), J. A. Bullinaria (ed.), Birmingham, UK, September 2002, pp.96-103.

  154. Y. Liu and X. Yao, ``Learning and Evolution by Minimization of Mutual Information,'' Proc. of the 7th International Conference on Parallel Problem Solving from Nature (PPSN VII), Lecture Notes in Computer Science, Vol. 2439, Springer, September 2002, pp.495-504.

  155. M. Salim and X. Yao, ``Evolving SQL Queries for Data Mining,'' Proc. of the Third International Conference on Intelligent Data Engineering and Automated Learning (IDEAL'02), Lecture Notes in Computer Science, Vol. 2412, Springer, August 2002, pp.62-67.
    Available from Springer's web site as a PDF file.

  156. X. Yao and Y. Liu, ``Getting Most Out of Evolutionary Approaches,'' Proc. of the 2002 NASA/DoD Conference on Evolvable Hardware (EH'02), A. Stoica, J. Lohn, R. Katz, D. Keymeulen and R. Zebulum (eds.), IEEE Computer Society, pp.8-14, July 2002.

  157. X. Yao, ``From Evolutionary Computation to Natural Computation,'' Proceedings of the the 5th International Conference on Adaptive Computing in Design and Manufacture (ACDM'02), I. C. Parmee (ed.), invited paper, Springer-Verlag, UK, pp.41--50, April 2002.

  158. Y. Liu, X. Yao, Q. Zhao and T. Higuchi, ``An experimental comparison of neural network ensemble learning methods on decision boundaries,'' Proceedings of the 2002 International Joint Conference on Neural Networks (IJCNN'02), pp.221-226, IEEE Press, Piscataway, NJ, USA, 12-17 May 2002.
    Also available here.

  159. Y. Liu and X. Yao, ``Maintaining population diversity by minimizing mutual information,'' Proc. of the 2002 Genetic and Evolutionary Computation Conference (GECCO'02), Morgan Kaufmann, pp.448-455, July 2002.

  160. T. P. Runarsson and X. Yao, ``Continuous selection and self-adaptive evolution strategies,'' Proceedings of the 2002 Congress on Evolutionary Computation (CEC'02), pp.279-284, IEEE Press, Piscataway, NJ, USA, 12-17 May 2002.

  161. Y. Liu and X. Yao, ``How to control search step size in fast evolutionary programming,'' Proceedings of the 2002 Congress on Evolutionary Computation (CEC'02), pp.652-656, IEEE Press, Piscataway, NJ, USA, 12-17 May 2002.

  162. X. Yao and Y. Liu, ``Evolving Neural Networks for Chlorophyll-a Prediction,'' Proceedings of the Fourth International Conference on Computational Intelligence and Multimedia Applications (ICCIMA'2001), pp.185-189, IEEE Computer Society Press, 30 October-1 November 2001, Yokusika, Japan.
    Also available here.

  163. G. Brown and X. Yao, ``On the effectiveness of negative correlation learning,'' Proceedings of the UK Workshop on Computational Intelligence (UKCI'01), Q. Shen (ed.), pp. 57-62, Edinburgh, UK, 10-12 September 2001.

  164. Y. Liu and X. Yao, ``Evolving Neural Networks for Hang Seng Stock Index Forecast,'' Proceedings of the 2001 Congress on Evolutionary Computation, pp.256-260, IEEE Press, Piscataway, NJ, USA, May 2001.
    Available as a PDF file.

  165. Y. Liu, X. Yao, Q. Zhao and T. Higuchi, ``Evolving a Cooperative Population of Neural Networks by Minimizing Mutual Information,'' Proceedings of the 2001 Congress on Evolutionary Computation, pp.384-389, IEEE Press, Piscataway, NJ, USA, May 2001.
    Available as a PDF file.

  166. C.-Y. Lee and X. Yao, ``Evolutionary Algorithms with Adaptive L{\'{e}}vy Mutations,'' Proceedings of the 2001 Congress on Evolutionary Computation, pp.568-575, IEEE Press, Piscataway, NJ, USA, May 2001.
    Available as a PDF file.

  167. P. J. Darwen and X. Yao, ``Why More Choices Cause Less Cooperation in Iterated Prisoner's Dilemma,'' Proceedings of the 2001 Congress on Evolutionary Computation, pp.987-994, IEEE Press, Piscataway, NJ, USA, May 2001.
    Available as a PDF file.

  168. Y. Liu, X. Yao, Q. Zhao and T. Higuchi, ``Scaling Up Fast Evolutionary Programming with Cooperative Coevolution,'' Proceedings of the 2001 Congress on Evolutionary Computation, pp.1101-1108, IEEE Press, Piscataway, NJ, USA, May 2001.
    Available as a PDF file.

  169. T. Schnier, X. Yao and P. Liu, ``Digital Filter Design Using Multiple Pareto Fronts,'' Proceedings of the Third NASA/DoD Workshop on Evolvable Hardware, pp.136-145, IEEE Computer Society Press, July 2001.

  170. T. Schnier and X. Yao, ``Evolutionary Design Calibration,'' Proceedings of the 4th International Conference on Evolvable Systems (ICES-2001), LNCS 2210, pp.26-37, Tokyo, Japan, October 3-5, 2001.

  171. X. Yao, M. M. Fischer and G. Brown, ``Neural Network Ensembles and Their Application to Traffic Flow Prediction in Telecommunications Networks,'' Proceedings of the 2001 INNS/IEEE International Joint Conference on Neural Networks (IJCNN'01), pp.693-698, IEEE Press, Piscataway, NJ, USA, July 2001.
    Also available as a PDF file.

  172. Y. Liu and X. Yao, ``Designing Neural Network Ensembles by Minimizing Mutual Information,'' Proceedings of 2001 International Conference on Computational Intelligence for Modelling, Control and Automation (CIMCA'2001), M. Mohammadian (ed.), pp.38-47, 9-11 July 2001, Las Vegas, USA.

  173. K. Liang, X. Yao and C. S. Newton, ``Larmarckian Evolution in Global Optimisation,'' Proc. of the 26th IEEE International Conference on Industrial Electronics, Control and Instrumentation (IECON2000) and the 3rd Asia-Pacific Conference on Simulated Evolution and Learning, IEEE Press, Piscataway, NJ, USA, October 2000, pp.2975-2980.

  174. T. Schnier and X. Yao, ``Using Multiple Representations in Evolutionary Algorithms,'' Proceedings of the 2000 Congress on Evolutionary Computation, IEEE Press, Piscataway, NJ, USA, July 2000. pp.479-486.
    Available as a PDF file.

  175. Y.-G. Seo, S.-B. Cho and X. Yao, ``Exploiting Coalition in Co-Evolutionary Learning,'' Proceedings of the 2000 Congress on Evolutionary Computation, IEEE Press, Piscataway, NJ, USA, July 2000. pp.1268-1275.
    Available as a PDF file.

  176. X. Yao and P. J. Darwen, ``How Important Is Your Reputation in a Multi-Agent Environment,'' Proc. of the 1999 IEEE Conference on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics, IEEE Press, Piscataway, NJ, USA, pp.II-575 - II-580, October 1999.
    Available as a PDF file.

  177. X. Yao and Y. Liu, ``Neural networks for breast cancer diagnosis,'' Proc. of the 1999 Congress on Evolutionary Computation, Vol. 3, IEEE Press, Piscataway, NJ, USA, pp.1760-1767, July 1999.
    Available as yao_liu_cec99.ps.gz.

  178. C. Zhang, X. Yao and J. Yang, ``Evolving materialized views in data warehousing,'' Proc. of the 1999 Congress on Evolutionary Computation, Vol. 2, IEEE Press, Piscataway, NJ, USA, pp.823-829, July 1999.
    Available as zhang_yao_yang_cec99.ps.gz.

  179. Y.-G. Seo, S.-B. Cho and X. Yao, ``Emergence of Cooperative Coalition in NIPD game with Localization of Interaction and Learning,'' Proc. of the 1999 Congress on Evolutionary Computation, Vol. 2, IEEE Press, Piscataway, NJ, USA, pp.877-884, July 1999.

  180. K.-H. Liang, X. Yao and C. S. Newton, ``Combining landscape approximation and local search in global optimization,'' Proc. of the 1999 Congress on Evolutionary Computation, Vol. 2, IEEE Press, Piscataway, NJ, USA, pp.1514-1520, July 1999.
    Available as cec99_lals.ps.gz.

  181. X. Yao, ``How does evolutionary computation fit into IT postgraduate teaching,'' Proc. of the 1999 Congress on Evolutionary Computation, Vol. 3, IEEE Press, Piscataway, NJ, USA, pp.1707-1713, July 1999.
    Available as yao_ec_teach.ps.gz.

  182. X. Yao, ``Recent new development in evolutionary programming,'' In Advances in Soft Computing - Engineering Design and Manufacturing, R. Roy, T. Furuhashi and P. K. Chawdhry (editors), Springer, London, 1999.
    Available as yao_wsc3.ps.gz.

  183. Y. Liu and X. Yao, ``Towards designing neural network ensembles by evolution,'' Proc. of the Fifth International Conference on Parallel Problem Solving from Nature (PPSN-V), Lecture Notes in Computer Science, Vol. 1498, A. E. Eiben, T. B{\"{a}}ck, M. Schoenauer and H.-P. Schwefel (ed.), Springer-Verlag, Berlin, pp.623-632, 1998.
    Available as liu_yao_ppsn98.ps.gz.

  184. K.-H. Liang, X. Yao, and C. Newton, ``Dynamic Control of Adaptive Parameters in Evolutionary Programming,'' In Simulated Evolution and Learning: the Second Asia-Pacific Conference on Simulated Evolution and Learning, SEAL'98, Selected Papers, Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence, Volume 1585, pp.42-49, Springer-Verlag, Berlin, 1999.
    Available as seal98_dLB.ps.gz.

  185. R. I. McKay and X. Yao, ``Teaching of AI-related subjects at ADFA,'' Proc. of the AI'98 Workshop on AI Teaching, Brisbane, Australia, 13-17 July 1998.

  186. X. Yao and Y. Liu, ``Scaling up evolutionary programming algorithms,'' Evolutionary Programming VII: Proc. of the Seventh Annual Conference on Evolutionary Programming (EP98), Lecture Notes in Computer Science, Vol. 1447, V. W. Porto, N. Saravanan, D. Waagen and A. E. Eiben (ed.), Springer-Verlag, Berlin, pp.103-112, 1998.
    Available as yao_liu_ep98.ps.gz.

  187. K.-H. Liang, X. Yao, C. Newton and D. Hoffman, ``Solving cutting stock problems by evolutionary programming,'' Evolutionary Programming VII: Proc. of the Seventh Annual Conference on Evolutionary Programming (EP98), Lecture Notes in Computer Science, Vol. 1447, V. W. Porto, N. Saravanan, D. Waagen and A. E. Eiben (ed.), Springer-Verlag, Berlin, pp.291-300, 1998.
    Available as ep98_csp.ps.gz.

  188. K.-H. Liang, X. Yao, Y. Liu, C. Newton and D. Hoffman, ``An experimental investigation of self-adaptation in evolutionary programming,'' Evolutionary Programming VII: Proc. of the Seventh Annual Conference on Evolutionary Programming (EP98), Lecture Notes in Computer Science, Vol. 1447, V. W. Porto, N. Saravanan, D. Waagen and A. E. Eiben (ed.), Springer-Verlag, Berlin, pp.755-764, 1998.
    Available as ep98_ep.ps.gz.

  189. Y. Liu and X. Yao, ``Simultaneous learning of negatively correlated neural networks,'' Proc. of the Ninth Australian Conf. on Neural Networks (ACNN'98), Brisbane, Australia, 11-13 February 1998. ISBN: 1-86499-026-0, pp.183-187.
    Available as liu_acnn98.ps.gz.

  190. Y. Liu and X. Yao, ``A Cooperative Ensemble Learning System,'' Proc. of the 1998 IEEE International Joint Conference on Neural Networks (IJCNN'98), Anchorage, USA, 4-9 May 1998. pp.2202-2207.
    Available as liu_ijcnn_preceed.ps.gz.

  191. Y. Liu and X. Yao, ``Negatively correlated neural networks for classification,'' Proc. of the Third International Symposium on Artificial Life and Robotics (AROBIII'98), M. Sugisaka (ed.), Beppu, Japan, 19-21 January 1998, Vol. 2, pp.736-739.
    Available as liu_yao_arob98.ps.gz.

  192. X. H. Yu, W. X. Zheng, B. L. Wu and X. Yao, ``Solving constrained optimization problems with new penalty function approach using genetic algorithms, '' Proc. of the Fourth Int. Conf. on Nueral Information Processing and Intelligent Information Systems (ICONIP'97), Dunedin, New Zealand, N. Kasabov, R. Kozma, K. Ko, R. O'Shea, G. Coghill, and T. Gedeon (ed.), Vol. 1, pp. 416-419, Springer Verlag, Nov. 1997.

  193. X. Yao, ``The importance of maintaining behavioural link between parents and offspring,'' Proc. of 1997 IEEE International Conference on Evolutionary Computation (ICEC'97), 13-16 April 1997, Indianapolis, USA, pp.629--633.
    Available as yao_icec97.ps.gz.

  194. Y. Liu and X. Yao, ``Evolving modular neural networks which generalise well,'' Proc. of 1997 IEEE International Conference on Evolutionary Computation (ICEC'97), 13-16 April 1997, Indianapolis, USA, pp.605--610.
    Available as liu_yao_icec97.ps.gz.

  195. G. Lin and X. Yao, ``Analysing crossover operators by search step size,'' Proc. of 1997 IEEE International Conference on Evolutionary Computation (ICEC'97), 13-16 April 1997, Indianapolis, USA, pp.107--110.
    Available as lin_icec97.ps.gz.

  196. J. Bobbin and X. Yao, ``Solving optimal control problems with a cost on changing control by evolutionary algorithms,'' Proc. of 1997 IEEE International Conference on Evolutionary Computation (ICEC'97), 13-16 April 1997, Indianapolis, USA, pp.331--336.
    Available as bobbin_yao_icec97.ps.gz.

  197. X. Yao and Y. Liu, ``Fast evolution strategies,'' Evolutionary Programming VI: Proc. of the Sixth Annual Conference on Evolutionary Programming (EP97), Lecture Notes in Computer Science, Vol. 1213, Springer-Verlag, Berlin, 1997, pp.151--161.
    Available as yao_liu_ep97.ps.gz.

  198. X. Yao, G. Lin and Y. Liu, ``An analysis of evolutionary algorithms based on neighbourhood and step sizes,'' Evolutionary Programming VI: Proc. of the Sixth Annual Conference on Evolutionary Programming (EP97), Lecture Notes in Computer Science, Vol. 1213, Springer-Verlag, Berlin, 1997. pp.297--307.
    Available as yao_lin_liu_ep97.ps.gz.

  199. G. A. Riessen, G. J. Williams and X. Yao, ``PEPNet: parallel evolutionary programming for constructing artificial neural networks,'' Evolutionary Programming VI: Proc. of the Sixth Annual Conference on Evolutionary Programming (EP97), Lecture Notes in Computer Science, Vol. 1213, Springer-Verlag, Berlin, 1997. pp.35--45.

  200. X. Yao, ``Automatic acquisition of strategies by co-evolutionary learning,'' Proc. of the International Conference on Computational Intelligence and Multimedia Applications (ICCIMA'97), Gold Coast, Australia, 10-12 February 1997, pp.23-29.
    Available as yao_iccima97.ps.gz.

  201. X. Yao, ``Global optimisation by evolutionary algorithms,'' Proc. of the Second Aizu International Symposium on Parallel Algorithm/Architecture Synthesis (pAs-97), Aizu-Wakamatsu, Japan, 17-21 March 1997, IEEE Computer Society Press, pp.282-291.
    Available as yao_pas97.ps.gz.

  202. X. Yao, Y. Liu and P. Darwen, ``Exploiting population information in evolutionary learning,'' Proc. of 1996 Japan-China Joint International Workshops on Information Systems, M. Gen and W. Xu (ed.), Intelligent Systems Engineering Lab., Ashikaga Institute of Technology, Japan, 4-5 October 1996, pp.41--57. Invited paper.
    Available as book_chpt_gen.ps.gz.

  203. X. Yao and T. Higuchi, ``Promises and challenges of evolvable hardware,'' Proc. of the First International Conference on Evolvable Systems: From Biology to Hardware (ICES'96), Lecture Notes in Computer Science, Vol. 1259, T. Higuchi, M. Iwata and W. Liu (eds.), Springer-Verlag, Heidelberg, Berlin, pp.55--78. 1997.
    Available as ices96_challenge.ps.gz.

  204. X. Yao and Y. Liu, ``EPNet for chaotic time-series prediction,'' In Simulated Evolution and Learning, X. Yao, J.-H. Kim and T. Furuhashi (eds.), Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence, Vol. 1285, pp.146-156, Springer-Verlag, Berlin, 1997.
    Also in Proc. of the First Asia-Pacific Conference on Simulated Evolution And Learning (SEAL'96), Taejon, Korea, 9-12 November 1996, pp.331-342.
    Available as yao_liu_seal96.ps.gz.

  205. X. Yao and Y. Liu (1996d), ``Ensemble Structure of Evolutionary Artificial Neural Networks,'' Proc. of the Third IEEE International Conference on Evolutionary Computation (ICEC'96), Nagoya, Japan, 20-22 May 1996, pp.659-664.
    (Available as yao_liu_icec96.ps.Z).

  206. P. Darwen and X. Yao (1996a), ``Automatic modularisation by speciation,'' Proc. of the Third IEEE International Conference on Evolutionary Computation (ICEC'96), Nagoya, Japan, 20-22 May 1996, pp.88-93.
    (Available as darwen_yao_icec96.ps.Z).

  207. P. Darwen and X. Yao (1996b), ``Every niching method has its niche: fitness sharing and implicit sharing compared,'' Proc. of Parallel Problem Solving from Nature (PPSN) IV, Vol.1141, Lecture Notes in Computer Science, Springer-Verlag, Berlin, pp.398-407, 1996.
    (Available as darwen_yao_compare.ps.Z).

  208. Y. Liu and X. Yao, ``Evolutionary design of artificial neural networks with different node transfer functions,'' Proc. of the Third IEEE International Conference on Evolutionary Computation (ICEC'96), Nagoya, Japan, 20-22 May 1996, pp.670-675.
    (Available as liu_yao_icec96.ps.Z).

  209. X. Yao and Y. Liu, ``Towards Designing Artificial Neural Networks by Evolution,'' Proc. of the International Symposium on Artificial Life and Robotics (AROB), B-Con Plaza, Beppu, Oita, Japan, 18-20 February 1996, pp.265-268.
    (Available as yao_arob96.ps.Z).

  210. X. Yao and Y. Liu (1996b), ``Fast evolutionary programming,'' Proc. of the Fifth Annual Conference on Evolutionary Programming (EP'96), San Diego, CA, USA, 29/2-2/3/96. pp.451-460, the MIT Press.
    (Available as ep96_fep_crc.ps.gz).

  211. X. Yao and Y. Liu, ``Evolving artificial neural networks through evolutionary programming,'' Presented at the Fifth Annual Conference on Evolutionary Programming, 29 February -- 2 March 1996, San Diego, CA, USA. pp.257-266, the MIT Press.
    (Available as ep96_eann_crc.ps.Z).

  212. X. Yao and Y. Liu (1996c), ``Evolutionary artificial neural networks that learn and generalise well,'' Proc. of the 1996 IEEE International Conference on Nueural Networks (ICNN'96), Volume on Plenary, Panel and Special Sessions, pp.159-164, Sheraton Washington Hotel, Washington, DC, USA, 3-6 June 1996.
    (Available as yao_icnn96.ps.Z).

  213. X. Yao and Y. Liu (1995), ``Evolving artificial neural networks for medical applications,'' Proc. of the Australian-Korea Joint Workshop on Evolutionary Computation, Taejon, Korea, pp.1-16.
    (Available as yao95_medical.ps.Z).

  214. P. Darwen and X. Yao (1995a), ``A dilemma for fitness sharing with a scaling function,'' Proc. of 1995 IEEE Conference on Evolutionary Computation (ICEC'95), Perth, Australia, IEEE Press, pp.166-171.
    (Available as icec95.ps.Z).

  215. Y. Liu, X. Yao and Y. Chen (1995), ``Evolving neural networks,'' Accepted, Proc. of the International Conference on Parallel Algorithms (ICPA'95), Wuhan, P. R. China, Gordon and Breach.

  216. G. Lin, X. Yao, I. Macleod, L. Kang and Y. Chen (1995), ``Parallel genetic algorithms on PVM,'' Accepted, Proc. of the International Conference on Parallel Algorithms (ICPA'95), Wuhan, P. R. China, Gordon and Breach.
    (Available as icpa95.ps.Z).

  217. P. Darwen and X. Yao (1995b), ``On evolving robust strategies for iterated prisoner's dilemma,'' In Progress in Evolutionary Computation, Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence, Vol. 956, Springer-Verlag, Heidelberg, Germany, pp.276-292.
    (Available as ai93_ipd.ps.Z).

  218. X. Yao and N. Kanani (1995), ``Call routing by simulated annealing,'' Proc. of the Eighth International Conference on Industrial & Engineering Applications of Artificial Intelligence & Expert Systems (IEA/AIE-95), Gordon and Breach Science Publ., pp.737-744.

  219. X. Yao and Y. Shi (1995), ``A Preliminary Study on Designing Artificial Neural Networks Using Co-Evolution,'' Invited paper, Proc. of IEEE Singapore International Conference on Intelligent Control and Instrumentation (SICICI'95), pp.149-154, IEEE Singapore Section.
    (Available as sicici95.ps.Z).

  220. X. Yao (1993d), ``Comparison of different neighbourhood size in simulated annealing,'' In Proc. of the Fourth Australian Conf. on Neural Networks (ACNN'93), ed. P. Leong and M. Jabri, Melbourne, pp.216-219.
    (Available as acnn93.ps.Z).

  221. X. Yao and B. Marksjö (1992), ``A study of maximum matching on Boltzmann machines,'' In Artificial Neural Networks II: Proc. of Int'l Conf. on Artificial Neural Networks (ICANN-92), Vol. 2, ed. I. Aleksander and J. Taylor, North-Holland, Amsterdam, pp.965-968.
    (Available as icann92.ps.Z).

  222. X. Yao and R. Sharpe (1992a), ``Image segmentation by artificial neural networks,'' In Proc. of Int'l Conf. on Intelligent Information Processing and Systems, International Academic Publishers, Beijing, pp.151-154.

  223. X. Yao and R. Sharpe (1992b), ``An automated inspection system using artificial neural networks,'' In Proc. of Int'l Joint Conf. on Neural Networks (IJCNN'92 Beijing), IEEE Press, Piscataway, NJ, USA, Vol. 1, pp.727-732.

  224. X. Yao (1992b), ``The complexity of maximum matching on Boltzmann machines,'' In Proc. of Int'l Joint Conf. on Neural Networks (IJCNN'92 Beijing), IEEE Press, Piscataway, NJ, USA, Vol. 1, pp.750-755.

  225. X. Yao (1992c), ``Dynamic neighbourhood size in simulated annealing,'' In Proc. of Int'l Joint Conf. on Neural Networks (IJCNN'92 Beijing), IEEE Press, Piscataway, NJ, USA, Vol. 1, pp.411-416.

  226. X. Yao (1991b), ``On finding approximate solutions to hard problems by neural networks,'' In Artificial Neural Networks: Proc. of 1991 Int'l Conf. on Artificial Neural Networks (ICANN-91), Vol. 2, ed. T. Kohonen et al., North-Holland, Amsterdam, pp.1219-1222.

  227. X. Yao (1991c), ``Evolution of connectionist networks,'' Preprints of the Symp. on AI, Reasoning, and Creativity, ed. T. Dartnall, Brisbane, pp.49-52.

  228. X. Yao (1991d), ``Some results about solving hard problems by neural networks,'' Proc. of Int'l Conf. for Young Computer Scientists (ICYCS'91), International Academic Publishers, Beijing, pp.501-505.

  229. X. Yao (1991e), ``Optimization by genetic annealing,'' Proc. of the 2nd Australian Conf. on Neural Networks (ACNN'91), ed. M. Jabri, Sydney, pp.94-97.
    (Available as acnn91.ps.Z).

  230. X. Yao and G.-J. Li (1989a), ``Performance analysis of simulated annealing,'' Proc. of the 3rd Pan-Pacific Computer Conf. (PPCC-3), ed. L.-W. Chen et al., International Academic Publishers, Beijing, pp.972-980.

  231. X. Yao and G.-J. Li (1989b), ``Solving combinatorial optimization problems by simulated annealing,'' Proc. of PPCC-3, ed. L.-W. Chen et al., International Academic Publishers, Beijing, pp.981-987.

  232. X. Yao and G.-J. Li (1989c), ``Simulated annealing with general generating and accepting probabilities,'' Proc. Int'l Conf. for Young Computer Professionals (BISYCP'89), Beijing, pp.410-414.

  233. Z.-X. Zhao, X.-J. Wu and X. Yao (1989), ``An algorithm for code selection of phase coupled microcode compiler,'' Proc. of PPCC-3, ed. L.-W. Chen et al., International Academic Publishers, Beijing, pp.747-752.

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